Thursday, February 17, 2011

Thomas A. Edison (Reading Class)

THOMAS A. EDISON


Born in 1847 - Died in 1931




Thomas Edison 

Thomas Alva Edison was called Alva, or Al by his family. He was a very curious child. He was always asking questions. Even his mother, who had once been a schoolteacher could not answer all his questions. He would experiment to try to find the answers. Once he tried to hatch some eggs by sitting on them. Another time he accidently burned down the family's barn.

The teacher told someone she thought there was something wrong with Alva; that he was "addled" * . He told his mother and they took him out of the school. He only went to school for 3 months in his whole life. Afterwards , he was taught at home.

He wanted to experiment. To make money for his experiments, he went to work at age 12 selling newspapers and candy on a train. When he had some spare time on the train, he would do experiments in the baggage car.

When he was 16 he went to work for the telegraph * office sending messages.

He became nearly deaf due to an injury to his ears. He later said he didn't mind being deaf because it helped him to concentrate.

When he was 22 years old he went to New York. He only had $1 in his pocket. He hunted for a job during the day, and at night he slept in the basement of a gold company. He watched everything around him very closely. Some equipment broke down and Edison was able to fix it because he had been watching it work before he went to sleep each night. The owners gave him a job. He improved the machine so much the company paid him $40,000 for his invention. He started the American Telegraph Works in New Jersey.

He built a laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. It was here with his employees he made many of his inventions. He would work night after night, and sometimes he would fall asleep at his workbench. His wife wouldn't see him for days at a time.

He and his team worked to make a light bulb which would burn for a long time without burning out. They tried 1,500 materials and nothing worked well. Finally he tried a new material in the filament * that burned nearly 200 hours.


After he had made the light bulb, he worked to make a power system so people could use the bulb. In 1882 he flipped a switch and 85 houses in New York City had electric lights for the first time.



Thomas Edison was probably the world's greatest inventor. He had a patent on 1,093 inventions. In addition to the electric light, he also invented the phonograph * , a camera to take motion pictures, a cement mixer, the automatic * telegraph, and he improved Alexander Graham Bell's telephone.


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Source:
http://gardenofpraise.com/ibdediso.htm

Why do we Yawn? (Reading Class)

Why do we Yawn?

Do you think that a great big yawn means you are really bored? Well, if you do, then you cannot possibly be further from the truth. Until recently many researchers used to think yawning is essential to increasing the oxygen intake to the lungs. A few on the other hand insisted that yawning is similar to stretching as it increases blood pressure and heart beat rate.

Why do we Yawn?, 5wh [Who, What, Where, When, Why & How] for kids: 112_1.gifWhile both research findings are correct, new studies show that yawning actually perks you up instead of doing the opposite (as many of us seem to think). Scientists point out that we have a tendency to yawn before a big event - athletes yawn before a race, pilots yawn before take-off and you yawn before an exam.

Humans are not the only ones affected by the yawning bug. Animals have been observed to yawn before feeding time while wild animals have a tendency to yawn before a fight.

The act is also highly contagious so if you spot someone with his mouth open, chances are, you too will follow suit. New findings highlight something totally unthinkable - yawning might be a primitive handover from our ancestors signalling a need for change. Or in other words, the act essentially prepares the brain for change.

Believe it or not but even a baby in the womb yawns as it shifts position, however children do not begin to copy other people's yawns until the age of four or five. Studies show that this period of growth is crucial to the learning process as the child improves his/her social skills.

Strangely enough contagious yawning is also linked to intelligence in children (who show the first signs of contagious yawning) surpassing other slow learners.

Hundreds and thousands of years ago, the campfire served as the main gathering point for all the members of the group. Researchers claim that as the people sat around the fire, warming themselves, they would yawn if the leader yawned, as a mark of respect. Those who were more supportive of the leader were more inclined to yawn.

Come to think of it, there might be some truth in it. Have you ever noticed yawning is more contagious if the yawner is someone you like or who you are close to?? It's true and there is ample documentation of the fact.

Despite all these advancements scientists still haven't figured out why we yawn before bed-time, but then again, that is our way of demanding a change -enough of TV, its time to go to bed!


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Interesting facts about coca cola (Reading Class)


Interesting facts about coca cola
Before there were diet drinks and bottled waters, there was Coca-Cola. Born at the end of the Civil War, Coca-Cola is the invention of Dr. John Styth Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist who made a caramel-colored syrup — the basis of Coke — in his backyard in 1886. Pemberton’s local druggist mixed carbonated water with the syrup and served it as a soda fountain drink for five cents a glass.
Pemberton’s associate, Frank M. Robinson, suggested the name Coca-Cola, thinking two “C”s would make for attractive advertising. In 1893, the name “Coca-Cola” was registered with the U.S. Patent Office.
While the company changed ownership several times, the progress of Coca-Cola didn’t slow down. In 1894, the first factory to manufacture Coke’s syrup opened in Dallas, Texas, and by 1897, Coca-Cola was being drunk in every state and territory in America. Today, hundreds of millions of Cokes are drunk each day in more than 185 countries around the world.
Despite its popularity, Coca-Cola and other soft-drinks come under attack by parents concerned over children’s eating habits. Although tasty, soft drinks don’t provide the basic nutrients needed by growing children or by adults. Unfortunately, many people don’t develop good eating habits and their diets are based on sodas and the greasy foods often consumed with them, such as French fries.

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Up Close with Yao Ming -Time For Kids Interview- (Reading Class)

Yao Ming, the 7-foot 6-inch, 'Little Giant from China' and Houston Rockets' center, has been the focus of the media both in China and U.S. the moment he arrived in 2002. Yao Ming has demonstrated his talent and strength as a powerful player. He had a successful 2004-2005 NBA season and is a three-time NBA All-Star. Many people predict that he will become one of the greatest basketball players in NBA history.

Before Yao Ming arrived, I kept wondering if with his enormous size, he would be intimidating. But I immediately became relaxed and comfortable after he started to talk. There is something special about his personality. During my entire interview, he was very well versed and he was sincere, kind, caring, personable, and sometimes philosophical. We talked about his life in China, his journey to the NBA and the Rockets and his current and future goals. 


TFK: I heard when you were 9 years old, the same age as me; you started to attend the amateur sports school in Shanghai. What was your life like as a kid growing up in China? 
Yao Ming: Nothing really special. I went to the school in the morning. In the afternoon at 2:00 o'clock, I did my home work and then played with neighborhood kids. When I was 9 years old and began to play basketball, I had a regular time to practice basketball from 2:00 to 5:00 in the afternoon. 


Yao Ming
Kid Reporter Trisha poses next to Yao Ming.
TFK: What is the major difference between playing in China and here in the US and what do you like best about playing in China and in the U.S.? 
Yao Ming: There are too many areas that are different. In terms of playing basketball and life, there are just too many areas that differ. This is because the differences exist in the cultures between the two countries are so vast; it takes time to change yourself and get used to them. In terms of comparisons, what do I like best about playing in the U.S.? I should say the way they create the atmosphere in the games is much better than that in China. China’s professional league basketball games are not very mature; the atmosphere during the games is not very enthusiastic. It has not been exploited to its max. But there are a few good things about playing in China… It’s my family hobby. 

TFK: What has been your most difficult adjustment to make from a CBA (Chinese Basketball Association) player to an NBA player? 
Yao Ming: I feel that I did not make too many adjustments; except for the language…I must speak English when I am here. 

TFK: You have been selected as an All Star three times. What does it feel like to play in an All Star Game with all those other great players? 
Yao Ming: The All Star Game is not just a game; it contains many many elements inside. It is a weekend to let the fans play and also let our players play. In addition to the games, it contains a lot of other things: such as the 3 point shootout, slam dunk contest, skill challenge …and many other fun things, it is called 'Jam Fest'. It is a holiday for basketball.

TFK: I know you participate in the NBA's 'Read to Achieve' program and you have read to kids both in the U.S. and China. I read that you said 'Reading and learning are important no matter where you live…'Can you tell me your purpose of reading to the kids? 
Yao Ming: Knowledge is very important. Even for players like us, we still need to read a lot. Knowledge is not just the knowledge of books. There are various kinds of knowledge. For us who play basketball, we should be able to summarize our experiences of success and failure. This is also a type of learning. So learning is very, very important for every profession. 

TFK: What were your favorite childhood books? 
Yao Ming: I liked to read history books and biographies. To this date, I still like these types of books. 

TFK: You are also involved in a lot of charity work. You participated in NBA's 'Basketball Without Borders' program and you are the spokesperson for China's AIDS Prevention Campaign and promote bone marrow donation in Beijing. Could you tell me more about your role with Ronald McDonald House Charities? 
Yao Ming: This, I think… How to put it? I don't know why, but this is something I truly enjoy doing and it really makes me feel good to do it. This is a calling. I feel it is a calling. In this world, I think one person's influence is far from being enough. The reason I did this is because I hope more and more people can join us. 

TFK: Most great basketball players are always trying to improve their skills. What skills are you trying to improve? 
Yao Ming: I want to learn to better help my team. Any types of skills that can better help me to assist my team are what I need to learn. 

TFK: Which teammate has helped you the most during your NBA career? Why? 
Yao Ming: My career is still very short, (you know) my professional career. But I have learned good experiences and better things from almost all my teammates. I must say that every one I have dealt with has been very helpful to me. 

TFK: Would you say Shaquille O'Neal is the toughest rival you have faced so far? If not him, who is the toughest rival for you and why? 
Yao Ming: (Laughs) There is no such thing like 'if not him'! It is him! There is no 'if' at all! 

TFK: Which player in the NBA do you enjoy watching the most? Why? 
Yao Ming: You should know this world is very exciting! Just like you don’t want to only stick to eating one thing out of the whole meal. You eat a little bit of everything. Playing basketball is the same. From the view of appreciation, watching different types of players play is a real enjoyment for me. 

TFK: This is your fourth year with the NBA. Your performances in recent games have made many fans very excited! How has your role on the Rockets changed as you have gained experience and improved your skills? 
Yao Ming: My coach always has very high expectations of me. I have also been constantly trying my very best to meet his expectations. Not just because he expects me to, I want to do this myself too. He has given me a goal and I feel that now I have found a way to reach this goal. 

TFK: What are your goals for this season? 
Yao Ming: My current goal? (Smiles) The current goal is making the playoffs! 

TFK: What do you think the Rockets have to do to make the playoffs? 
Yao Ming: To win every game that we are supposed to win and treat every game cautiously and seriously. 

TFK: Who has been the most influential person in your life helping you getting where you are today? Why? 
Yao Ming: My parents. Because they have influenced me so much! From basketball (because they used to be basketball players themselves) to lessons in life. 

TFK: When you are not playing basketball, what other sports do you like to play? 
Yao Ming: Swimming. Before I played basketball, I used to play water polo, but I was considered a slow swimmer, I wasn’t allowed to swim anymore, so I started to play basketball. Right now it is the basketball season, I don’t have much time to swim. But I swim in the summer when I have some free time. 

TFK: You are considered China's pride. People in China and Chinese Americans here in the States have very high expectations of you. Do you feel a lot of pressure and tension knowing that all of China is watching your every move on the court? 
Yao Ming: Yes, I feel a lot of pressure and I used to be nervous, but I am getting used to it. You need to learn how to play your game and live your life normally under pressure and tension. Those things are beyond your control. You can only get used to them, they won’t get used to you. 

TFK: You are a great role model for today’s youth. What advice do you want to give to the kids in the U.S. who want to become a great basketball player or a great athlete like you when they grow up? 
Yao Ming: Study hard. Do not get injured. 



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Thursday, December 16, 2010

Superstitions about Weddings (Reading Class)

Superstitions about Weddings
Wedding Day Superstitions and Traditions

BRIDAL SHOWER
The first gift the bride opens should be the first gift she uses.
Everything the bride says as she opens her gifts will be repeated on her wedding night. Somone should be assigned to write down these comments during the shower.
The person who gives the third gift to be opened will soon have a baby.
Save the ribbons from the shower gifts to make a mock bouquet to be used at the wedding rehearsal.
WEDDING DAY
Certain days of the week, and certain months of the year are better than others for a wedding.
Monday for health,
Tuesday for wealth,
Wednesday best of all,
Thursday for losses,
Friday for crosses,
Saturday for no luck at all
Married when the year is new, he'll be loving, kind & true,
When February birds do mate, You wed nor dread your fate.
If you wed when March winds blow, joy and sorrow both you'll know.
Marry in April when you can, Joy for Maiden & for Man.
Marry in the month of May, and you'll surely rue the day.
Marry when June roses grow, over land and sea you'll go.
Those who in July do wed, must labour for their daily bred.
Whoever wed in August be, many a change is sure to see
Marry in September's shrine, your living will be rich and fine.
If in October you do marry, love will come but riches tarry.
If you wed in bleak November, only joys will come, remember.
When December snows fall fast, marry and true love will last.
FOR A LUCKY BRIDE
Something old,
Something new,
Something borrowed,
Something blue,
And a lucky sixpence
In her shoe.
Married in White, you have chosen right
Married in Grey, you will go far away,
Married in Black, you will wish yourself back,
Married in Red, you will wish yourself dead,
Married in Green, ashamed to be seen,
Married in Blue, you will always be true,
Married in Pearl, you will live in a whirl,
Married in Yellow, ashamed of your fellow,
Married in Brown, you will live in the town,
Married in Pink, you spirit will sink.
WEDDING DAY
Good Omens:
seeing a rainbow
having the sun shine
meeting a black cat
meeting a chimney sweep
WEDDING DAY
Bad Omens:
a pig, hare, or lizard running across the road
seeing an open grave
meeting a nun or a monk foretell barrenness
OTHER BELIEFS
If the groom drops the wedding band during the ceremony, the marriage is doomed.
The new bride must enter her home by the main door, and must not trip or fall - hence the custom of carrying the bride over the threshold.
The spouse who goes to sleep first on the wedding day will be the first to die.
WEDDING CAKE
If a single woman sleeps with a piece of wedding cake under her pillow, she will dream of her future husband.


Special Thanks to:
Source:
http://www.corsinet.com/trivia/scary3.html

Thursday, December 9, 2010

Korean Wedding Customs (Reading Class)

Korean Wedding Customs

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Credits: Photo by R Wagner Photography. 

"Korean Wedding Customs"
Article by: Shu Shu Costa from the feature entitled: "Rituals of Bliss"
Like the Chinese, Koreans also exchanged the "eight characters" or "four pillars" to determine if the match was suitable. When that process was over, a local fortune-teller was summoned to see if the couple could live harmoniously. Koreans call this kung-hap. This custom is still important among many older Korean Americans. As the old saying goes, straw sandals are useful only if they fit your feet.
The Engagement
Gifts are an important part of an engagement. Traditionally, gifts from the groom's side would be delivered on the eve of the wedding day. With faces blackened with dried squid's ink and in costume, friends of the groom would parade a box, or hahm, filled with gifts. As they approached the bride's house, they would chant, "Hahm for sale, buy ahahm." Her family would rush out to greet the gift-bearers, enticing them with money and food. These days, the families are likely to meet in a restaurant, but gifts--and lots of them--are a must. Some Korean American families can spend $30,000 to $40,000 on engagement gifts alone.
The Wedding Outfits
The two dresses worn by the bride were once the costume of the noble class. The simple lime-green wonsam and the more elaborate hwarrot, or "flower robe," are embroidered with flowers and butterflies. Underneath, she wears the hanbok, the doll-like traditional dress of Korea. On the bride's head is a black cap studded with gems. On her feet are white socks and embroidered shoes. Her makeup is simple, except for three red circles, yonji konji, the size of nickels. These circles, traditionally made of red peppers, but now often drawn on, are supposed to ward off evil spirits. The groom'sfaruotsu is also the dress of the nobility. It is made of dark green damask with auspicious symbols woven in gold. The headdress is the tall black cap of high-ranking officials made of silk. Traditional costumes can be rented in Korean dress shops or even some banquet halls starting around $150.
The Ceremony
Traditionally, the groom would give a live goose--a symbol of fidelity because it takes only one partner in its life--to his new mother-in-law as a sign of his faithfulness to her daughter. Today's Korean families substitute the live goose with a wooden one called akirogi. The ceremony takes place around a table, or teresan, in an area set off by a screen with images of peonies. The highlight of the ceremony is the sharing of a special white wine called jung jong. Traditionally, this wine was poured into cups made from two halves of a gourd grown by the bride's mother. The bride and groom sip from their separate cups and then the wine is mixed together, poured once more into the gourd cups and sipped again. This is kunbere, the wedding vow. One ritual often seen at Korean American weddings is the peh beck ceremony. At this ceremony, usually only attended by family and close friends, the new wife offers her new in-laws gifts of dried dates and jujubes, symbols of children. They in turn offer her tea, a subtle but significant gift. At the ceremony's conclusion, they toss the dates and chestnuts at the bride, and she tries to catch them in her large skirt.
The Food
The Korean wedding banquet is called kook soo sang, the "noodle banquet," and can include a variety of dishes to suit the season. It begins with a toast of jung jong, a sort of Korean sake, downed quickly like a shot. The highlight is the meal's namesake, a noodle soup called kook soo. Wheat noodles are boiled and added to a clear beef broth, garnished with vegetables and eggs. Here, as in China, noodles are a wish for a long and happy life. Wedding desserts often include dok, a sticky rice cake that comes in a number of forms--sweetened, filled with bean paste, dotted with sesame seeds. Another popular dessert is yak shik, a sticky rice ball sweetened with brown sugar and speckled with chestnuts, jujubes, raisins and pine nuts, symbols of children.

Special Thanks to:
Source:
http://www.kokoliving.com/weddings/2010/03/korean-wedding-traditions.html

Thursday, December 2, 2010

7 Unbelievable Lottery Winners' Stories (Reading Class)

 

7 Unbelievable Lottery Winners' Stories


 He escaped from a derailed train, a door-less plane, a bus crash, a car into flames, another 2 car accidents... then won a million dollar lottery

Here's the story of how the world's unluckiest man turned his fate upside down. Frane Selak, born in 1929, is a Croatian music teacher who used to be famous for his numerous escapes from fatal accidents:
  • In January, 1962, Selak was traveling via train from Sarajevo to Dubrovnik. However, the train had suddenly derailed and plunged into an icy river, killing 17 passengers. Selak managed to escape, and only suffered a broken arm and minor scrapes and bruises.
  • The following year, while traveling from Zagreb to Rijeka when the door blew away from the cockpit, forcing him out of the plane. Although 19 others were killed, he suffered only minor injuries and had miraculously landed in a haystack.
  • In 1966, he was riding on a bus that crashed and plunged into a river. Four others were killed, but Selak managed to escape unharmed.
  • In 1970, he managed to escape before a faulty fuel pump engulfed his car into flames.
  • In 1973, another of Selak's cars caught fire, forcing fire through the air vents. He suffered no injuries save the loss of most of his hair.
  • In 1995, he was hit by a city bus, but once again suffered minor injuries.
  • In 1996 he escaped when he drove off a cliff to escape an oncoming truck. He managed to land in a tree, and watched as his car exploded 300 feet below him.
But then, in 2003, the heavens seemed to review his case: he won $1,000,000 dollars in the Croatian lottery!

"I know God was watching me over all these years." he said, and has reputedly refused to fly to Australia to air on a Doritos commercial, saying he "didn't want to test his luck." Frane also said that he can either be looked as "the world's unluckiest man, or the world's luckiest man," and prefers the latter.


 Woman googles husband, finds he won the lottery but never told her

On 2007, Donna Campbell became suspicious of her husband, Arnim Ramdass, when he started to keep the television turned off and disconnected the phone line. Her suspicions rose when she found a postcard about a new home purchase.

But Campbell was unaware that her husband was hiding a $10.2 million secret from her until she Googled her husband's name and lottery number. She found a Florida lottery press release that named 17 airline mechanics who won the jackpot, her husband was one of them.

The group of mechanics opted for the lump-sum payment of $10.2 million, meaning each of the 17 winners would receive about $600,000 before taxes. Since the winning, Ramdass took a leave of absence from work, according to his co-workers. He hasn't shown up at the couple's home and servers can't find him to hand him the lawsuit papers: she wants half the money and out of the marriage.


 Doubled his share of the jackpot... by mistake!

When Derek Ladner next suffers from absent mindedness, he may think twice before cursing his poor memory. For the 57-year-old's forgetfulness has landed him an amazing double lottery win.

He and his wife Dawn were elated when their six regular numbers came up on the midweek draw on 2007. They were quick to claim their £479,142 share of the £2,395,710 jackpot split between five winners. But, incredibly, a week later Mr Ladner remembered he had bought another ticket with the same numbers for the same draw.

That gave him two of the five shares of the jackpot on July 11, doubling hiswinnings to £958,284. A spokesman for lottery operator Camelot said it was the first time a player had won twice in the same draw! Mr Ladner's forgetfulness cost the other three winners almost £120,000 each. Had he not bought the extra ticket, they would have split the jackpot four ways instead of five and won £598,927 a person.


 Run over by a truck, hours after his win

On 22 January 2004, 73-year-old Carl Atwood of Elwood, Indiana, who won $73,450 in an Indiana lottery game taped for television, died scant hours later. He was knocked down by a truck and expired shortly thereafter in an Indianapolis hospital.

That evening he had been walking to the grocery store that had sold him awinning ticket when a pickup truck rounded a corner and struck him. (The store was located one block from his home.) "It was at an unlighted intersection, and Mr. Atwood had dark clothing on, so the driver did not see him before he hit him," Elwood Police Chief Toby R. Barker said.


 Won $16.2 million... got sued by everyone, went broke and died

William "Bud" Post won $16.2 million in the Pennsylvania lottery in 1988 but now lives on his Social Security. "I wish it never happened. It was totally a nightmare," says Post.

A former girlfriend successfully sued him for a share of his winnings. It wasn't his only lawsuit. A brother was arrested for hiring a hit man to kill him, hoping to inherit a share of the winnings. Other siblings pestered him until he agreed to invest in a car business and a restaurant in Sarasota, Fla., - two ventures that brought no money back and further strained his relationship with his siblings. Post even spent time in jail for firing a gun over the head of a bill collector. Within a year, he was $1 million in debt.

Post admitted he was both careless and foolish, trying to please his family. He eventually declared bankruptcy. Now he lives quietly on $450 a month and food stamps. "I'm tired, I'm over 65 years old, and I just had a serious operation for a heart aneurysm. Lotteries don't mean (anything) to me," said Post. He died on Jan 15 of respiratory failure.


 Won the lottery twice after a dream

Many successful lottery entrants have said their winning combinations came to them in dreams; that they awoke with five or six numbers dancing in their heads, jotted the combinations down, played them, and won. Sometimes the dreamed-of numbers paid off right away, and sometimes the dreamers played those combinations for years before hitting the jackpot. So, that 86-year-old Mary Wollens of Toronto won the Ontario Lottery on 30 September 2006 after seeing "a lotto ticket and a large cheque" in a dream a couple of days before the drawing wasn't all that unusual — the remarkable part was that her prophetic dream enabled her to win the same lottery twice.

You see, Mary had already purchased a lottery ticket with the combination she later dreamed about, but her vision instilled her with such confidence that she went out and bought a second ticket with those same numbers. Now, some people would consider purchasing a duplicate ticket be a foolish waste of money (because if your numbers lose, you're needlessly out an extra dollar, and even if you hit the big jackpot, you don't necessarily get any extra credit for winning twice), but not Mary — and good thing, too, because she happened onto one of those occasions when having a second ticket paid off big.

As things turned out, someone else had also correctly picked all six numbers for that week's draw, so instead of having to split the $24 million jackpot evenly with another winner, Mary was able to claim a two-thirds share and take home $16 million!


 Committed suicide because he mistakenly believed his lotto numbers had come up the one week he didn't play them

In April 1995 Timothy O'Brien committed suicide by shooting himself in the head because his half-share of a five-week ticket on Britain's (then) new National Lottery had expired just before the draw he thought would have made him a multi-millionaire.

The truth is, even if he'd held a valid ticket for his usual numbers, O'Brien wouldn't have won. The numbers that came up would have entitled the ticketholders to a prize of 47 pounds, not the 3.2 million he thought he and his partner had missed out on. And why? Because only four of the six numbers matched those drawn. 

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